København climate: temperature and precipitation
København climate data show a 1991-2020 mean annual temperature of 8.9 °C and 743 mm of precipitation per year. These ERA5-Land values use the grid cell assigned to the city centroid.
greater city
Country Denmark (DK)Geography City / greater cityNational capital Area 457 km²Sources Eurostat · EEA · Copernicus
Avg temp
8.9
°C · 1991-2020
#505 of 601 Rainfall
743
mm per year · 1991-2020
#389 of 601 Regional GDP
€92,200
EUR per inhabitant · 2024
Life expectancy
82.4
years · 2024
Climate (ERA5-Land normals) Air quality (EEA annualized) Country price context (PPP) Resident perception survey Regional context (NUTS)
Eurostat does not report a population value for København in the current city-statistics extract. This profile reports 25 of 50 displayed indicators. The population field remains missing.
Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 8.9 °C with 743 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS DK011), GDP was €92,200 per inhabitant (2024, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 25 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for København. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
København climate by month København monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 1.2°C to 17.7°C; warmest Jul, coldest Jan. Precipitation up to 82mm per month.
20 100 15 75 10 50 5 25 0 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) København monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 1.2°C 59mm Feb 1.3°C 48mm Mar 3.1°C 48mm Apr 7.2°C 44mm May 11.8°C 56mm Jun 15.3°C 75mm Jul 17.7°C 75mm Aug 17.5°C 82mm Sep 14.0°C 66mm Oct 9.6°C 69mm Nov 5.6°C 60mm Dec 2.5°C 62mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#505 of 601 · 16th pct · #1 in Denmark
8.9
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#385 of 601 · 36th pct · #2 in Denmark
1.3
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#554 of 601 · 8th pct · #1 in Denmark
17.7
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#389 of 601 · 35th pct · #2 in Denmark
743
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#566 of 601 · 6th pct · #2 in Denmark
118
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
København: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain København: 8.9. Higher than 95 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
København: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
København 8.9 Higher than 95 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
København: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain København: 1.3. Higher than 216 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
København: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
København 1.3 Higher than 216 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
København: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain København: 17.7. Higher than 47 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
København: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
København 17.7 Higher than 47 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
København: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain København: 743. Higher than 212 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
København: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
København 743 Higher than 212 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
København: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain København: 118. Higher than 35 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
København: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
København 118 Higher than 35 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Air quality (EEA annualized)
Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#254 of 329 · 23rd pct · #1 in Denmark
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#41 of 281 · 85th pct · #2 in Denmark
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#237 of 298 · 20th pct · #1 in Denmark
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
København: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain København: 12. Higher than 75 of 329 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 35; median 16.
5
35
median 16
København: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
København 12 Higher than 75 of 329 records in the same comparison group Median 16
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
København: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain København: 59. Higher than 240 of 281 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 33 to 81; median 52.
33
81
median 52
København: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
København 59 Higher than 240 of 281 records in the same comparison group Median 52
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
København: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain København: 7. Higher than 60 of 298 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3 to 22; median 9.
3
22
median 9
København: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
København 7 Higher than 60 of 298 records in the same comparison group Median 9
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
131
EU27_2020=100 · DK · 2024
Resident perception survey
København resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
2.5%
somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
11%
very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
19.6%
rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
44.4%
very satisfied with the noise level in the city
26.1%
rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
43%
very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
18.7%
rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
49.6%
strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
72.4%
somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
22.7%
Feel safe at night — strongly agree
46.7%
Feel safe at night — somewhat agree
39.8%
Transport affordable — strongly agree
24.8%
Transport affordable — somewhat agree
39.6%
København resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 2.5% somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 11% very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 19.6% rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 44.4% very satisfied with the noise level in the city 26.1% rather satisfied with the noise level in the city 43% very satisfied with cleanliness in the city 18.7% rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city 49.6% strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 72.4% somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 22.7% Feel safe at night — strongly agree 46.7% Feel safe at night — somewhat agree 39.8% Transport affordable — strongly agree 24.8% Transport affordable — somewhat agree 39.6%
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
København: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain København: 2.5%. Higher than 0 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.5% to 17.4%; median 7%.
2.5%
17.4%
median 7%
København: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
København 2.5% Higher than 0 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 7%
Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
København: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain København: 11%. Higher than 7 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4.5% to 38.2%; median 15.5%.
4.5%
38.2%
median 15.5%
København: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
København 11% Higher than 7 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 15.5%
Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
København: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 19.6%. Higher than 21 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6.3% to 35.2%; median 13.2%.
6.3%
35.2%
median 13.2%
København: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 19.6% Higher than 21 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 13.2%
Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
København: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 44.4%. Higher than 15 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 17.9% to 63.7%; median 44.3%.
17.9%
63.7%
median 44.3%
København: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 44.4% Higher than 15 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 44.3%
Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city
København: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 26.1%. Higher than 25 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6.7% to 28.6%; median 17.9%.
6.7%
28.6%
median 17.9%
København: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 26.1% Higher than 25 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 17.9%
Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
København: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 43%. Higher than 11 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 24.3% to 60.2%; median 46.4%.
24.3%
60.2%
median 46.4%
København: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 43% Higher than 11 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 46.4%
Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
København: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 18.7%. Higher than 21 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4.6% to 46.5%; median 13%.
4.6%
46.5%
median 13%
København: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 18.7% Higher than 21 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 13%
Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
København: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 49.6%. Higher than 24 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 14.3% to 63%; median 43.2%.
14.3%
63%
median 43.2%
København: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 49.6% Higher than 24 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 43.2%
Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
København: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain København: 72.4%. Higher than 26 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 18.4% to 77.3%; median 45.5%.
18.4%
77.3%
median 45.5%
København: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
København 72.4% Higher than 26 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 45.5%
Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
København: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain København: 22.7%. Higher than 4 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 16.2% to 61.9%; median 42.7%.
16.2%
61.9%
median 42.7%
København: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
København 22.7% Higher than 4 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 42.7%
Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
København: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 46.7%. Higher than 28 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.6% to 46.7%; median 24.6%.
7.6%
46.7%
median 24.6%
København: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 46.7% Higher than 28 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 24.6%
Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
København: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain København: 39.8%. Higher than 8 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 27.3% to 66.3%; median 42.4%.
27.3%
66.3%
median 42.4%
København: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
København 39.8% Higher than 8 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 42.4%
Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable
København: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain København: 24.8%. Higher than 6 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8.5% to 61.9%; median 30.5%.
8.5%
61.9%
median 30.5%
København: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
København 24.8% Higher than 6 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 30.5%
Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable
København: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain København: 39.6%. Higher than 20 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 19.5% to 57.5%; median 36%.
19.5%
57.5%
median 36%
København: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
København 39.6% Higher than 20 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 36%
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€92,200
EUR per inhabitant · DK011 · 2024
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the climate of København? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 8.9 °C (January 1.3 °C, July 17.7 °C) with 743 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Population & demographics, Housing & living costs, Employment, Education, Births & deaths, Transport costs, Tourism, Culture. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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