Its average annual rent for housing is €8.50 per m² (2022) — 100th highest of the 168 cities reporting this Eurostat field.
Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 9.2 °C with 736 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS DEG03), GDP was €58,200 per inhabitant (2023, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 24 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Jena. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#207 of 426 · 51st pct · #75 in Germany
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#214 of 381 · 44th pct · #90 in Germany
962
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#152 of 386 · 60th pct · #33 in Germany
21.9%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Jena: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Jena: 110,502. Higher than 219 of 426 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 38,669 to 3,677,472; median 104,735.
38,669
3,677,472
median 104,735
Jena: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Jena 110,502 Higher than 219 of 426 records in the same comparison group Median 104,735
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Jena: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 962. Higher than 167 of 381 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 28 to 9,215; median 1,069.
28
9,215
median 1,069
Jena: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 962 Higher than 167 of 381 records in the same comparison group Median 1,069
Share of population aged 65 and over
Jena: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Jena: 21.9%. Higher than 230 of 386 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 9.1% to 32.5%; median 20.9%.
9.1%
32.5%
median 20.9%
Jena: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Jena 21.9% Higher than 230 of 386 records in the same comparison group Median 20.9%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Jena climate by month Jena monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 0.4°C to 18.5°C; warmest Jul, coldest Jan. Precipitation up to 83mm per month.
20 100 15 75 10 50 5 25 0 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Jena monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 0.4°C 54mm Feb 1.1°C 44mm Mar 4.1°C 56mm Apr 8.6°C 48mm May 13.0°C 72mm Jun 16.3°C 71mm Jul 18.5°C 83mm Aug 18.3°C 72mm Sep 14.1°C 62mm Oct 9.5°C 56mm Nov 4.7°C 58mm Dec 1.4°C 59mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#475 of 601 · 21st pct · #108 in Germany
9.2
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#433 of 601 · 28th pct · #107 in Germany
0.4
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#437 of 601 · 27th pct · #86 in Germany
18.5
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#398 of 601 · 34th pct · #115 in Germany
736
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#412 of 601 · 31st pct · #49 in Germany
126
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Jena: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 9.2. Higher than 125 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Jena: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 9.2 Higher than 125 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Jena: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 0.4. Higher than 166 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Jena: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 0.4 Higher than 166 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Jena: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 18.5. Higher than 162 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Jena: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 18.5 Higher than 162 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Jena: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 736. Higher than 203 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Jena: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 736 Higher than 203 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Jena: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 126. Higher than 189 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Jena: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 126 Higher than 189 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Average annual rent for housing per m2
This is a reported Eurostat city field, not a full housing-cost basket.
#100 of 168 · 38th pct · #57 in Germany
€8.50e
EUR per m2 per year · 2022
Average price for buying a house
#54 of 201 · 73rd pct · #53 in Germany
Average price for buying an apartment
#82 of 218 · 62nd pct · #75 in Germany
Average price for buying a house per m2
#45 of 200 · 78th pct · #41 in Germany
€3,886.13
EUR per m2 · 2022
Average price for buying an apartment per m2
#65 of 199 · 67th pct · #58 in Germany
€3,204.30
EUR per m2 · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Average annual rent for housing per m2
Jena: Average annual rent for housing per m2 in the same year and geography grain Jena: €8.50. Higher than 63 of 168 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €5.90 to €230.00; median €9.10.
€5.90
€230.00
median €9.10
Jena: Average annual rent for housing per m2 in the same year and geography grain
Jena €8.50 Higher than 63 of 168 records in the same comparison group Median €9.10
Average price for buying a house
Jena: Average price for buying a house in the same year and geography grain Jena: €498,282. Higher than 147 of 201 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €20,136 to €1,399,882; median €380,298.
€20,136
€1,399,882
median €380,298
Jena: Average price for buying a house in the same year and geography grain
Jena €498,282 Higher than 147 of 201 records in the same comparison group Median €380,298
Average price for buying an apartment
Jena: Average price for buying an apartment in the same year and geography grain Jena: €221,057. Higher than 136 of 218 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €14,900 to €652,648; median €176,563.
€14,900
€652,648
median €176,563
Jena: Average price for buying an apartment in the same year and geography grain
Jena €221,057 Higher than 136 of 218 records in the same comparison group Median €176,563
Average price for buying a house per m2
Jena: Average price for buying a house per m2 in the same year and geography grain Jena: €3,886.13. Higher than 155 of 200 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €334.72 to €10,678.11; median €2,900.69.
€334.72
€10,678.11
median €2,900.69
Jena: Average price for buying a house per m2 in the same year and geography grain
Jena €3,886.13 Higher than 155 of 200 records in the same comparison group Median €2,900.69
Average price for buying an apartment per m2
Jena: Average price for buying an apartment per m2 in the same year and geography grain Jena: €3,204.30. Higher than 134 of 199 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €337.85 to €9,427.65; median €2,543.00.
€337.85
€9,427.65
median €2,543.00
Jena: Average price for buying an apartment per m2 in the same year and geography grain
Jena €3,204.30 Higher than 134 of 199 records in the same comparison group Median €2,543.00
Employment
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
#169 of 411 · 59th pct · #77 in Germany
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Jena: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 67,000. Higher than 241 of 411 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8,769 to 2,091,000; median 54,000.
8,769
2,091,000
median 54,000
Jena: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 67,000 Higher than 241 of 411 records in the same comparison group Median 54,000
Education
Share of students in higher education in the total population
#23 of 301 · 92nd pct · #14 in Germany
193
students per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share of students in higher education in the total population
Jena: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain Jena: 193. Higher than 278 of 301 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 579; median 62.
0
579
median 62
Jena: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain
Jena 193 Higher than 278 of 301 records in the same comparison group Median 62
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#205 of 366 · 44th pct · #83 in Germany
8
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#208 of 400 · 48th pct · #80 in Germany
12
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Jena: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Jena: 8. Higher than 161 of 366 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4 to 24; median 8.
4
24
median 8
Jena: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Jena 8 Higher than 161 of 366 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Crude death rate
Jena: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Jena: 12. Higher than 191 of 400 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 20; median 12.
5
20
median 12
Jena: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Jena 12 Higher than 191 of 400 records in the same comparison group Median 12
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Small annual rates can be volatile; do not present as a full traffic-safety score.
#217 of 358 · 37th pct · #52 in Germany
0
deaths per 10000 population · 2022
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Reported Eurostat infrastructure length; not a cycling-mode-share or safety measure.
#88 of 328 · 73rd pct · #88 in Germany
Compare with same-grain records from the same year People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Jena: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain Jena: 0. Higher than 133 of 358 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 2; median 0.
0
2
median 0
Jena: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain
Jena 0 Higher than 133 of 358 records in the same comparison group Median 0
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Jena: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 40,129. Higher than 240 of 328 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 1,073,473; median 138.
0
1,073,473
median 138
Jena: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 40,129 Higher than 240 of 328 records in the same comparison group Median 138
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
112
EU27_2020=100 · DE · 2024
Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents
Cinema-seat capacity per resident; not annual attendance or a culture score.
#140 of 267 · 48th pct · #69 in Germany
15
seats per 1000 residents · 2022
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Library distribution points where reported; not library visits or service quality.
#348 of 425 · 9th pct · #103 in Germany
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents
Jena: Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents in the same year and geography grain Jena: 15. Higher than 127 of 267 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 89; median 16.
0
89
median 16
Jena: Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents in the same year and geography grain
Jena 15 Higher than 127 of 267 records in the same comparison group Median 16
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Jena: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain Jena: 2. Higher than 37 of 425 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 336; median 8.
1
336
median 8
Jena: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain
Jena 2 Higher than 37 of 425 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€58,200
EUR per inhabitant · DEG03 · 2023
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Jena? Jena had a population of 110,502 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat city figure), the 207th largest of the 426 reporting city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Jena? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 9.2 °C (January 0.4 °C, July 18.5 °C) with 736 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
How much is rent in Jena? Eurostat reports an average annual rent of €8.50 per m² (2022), 100th highest of the 168 reporting city records in the same year. This is a single reported field, not a full housing-cost basket.
Not reported for this city: Air quality (EEA annualized), Tourism, Resident perception survey. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: e = estimated
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
Compare Jena with another city →