Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 10.4 °C with 848 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS NL226), GDP was €54,900 per inhabitant (2024, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 17 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Arnhem. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#106 of 426 · 75th pct · #5 in Netherlands
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#92 of 381 · 76th pct · #8 in Netherlands
1,761
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#355 of 386 · 8th pct · #29 in Netherlands
16.4%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Arnhem: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 178,832. Higher than 320 of 426 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 38,669 to 3,677,472; median 104,735.
38,669
3,677,472
median 104,735
Arnhem: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 178,832 Higher than 320 of 426 records in the same comparison group Median 104,735
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Arnhem: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 1,761. Higher than 289 of 381 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 28 to 9,215; median 1,069.
28
9,215
median 1,069
Arnhem: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 1,761 Higher than 289 of 381 records in the same comparison group Median 1,069
Share of population aged 65 and over
Arnhem: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 16.4%. Higher than 30 of 386 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 9.1% to 32.5%; median 20.9%.
9.1%
32.5%
median 20.9%
Arnhem: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 16.4% Higher than 30 of 386 records in the same comparison group Median 20.9%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Arnhem climate by month Arnhem monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 3.0°C to 18.3°C; warmest Jul, coldest Jan. Precipitation up to 86mm per month.
20 100 15 75 10 50 5 25 0 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Arnhem monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 3.0°C 73mm Feb 3.4°C 63mm Mar 6.0°C 64mm Apr 9.6°C 54mm May 13.4°C 66mm Jun 16.2°C 73mm Jul 18.3°C 86mm Aug 18.0°C 85mm Sep 14.9°C 68mm Oct 11.0°C 70mm Nov 6.8°C 68mm Dec 3.8°C 79mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#343 of 601 · 42nd pct · #31 in Netherlands
10.4
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#259 of 601 · 57th pct · #31 in Netherlands
3.1
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#460 of 601 · 23rd pct · #17 in Netherlands
18.3
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#249 of 601 · 59th pct · #26 in Netherlands
848
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#534 of 601 · 11th pct · #33 in Netherlands
120
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Arnhem: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 10.4. Higher than 254 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Arnhem: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 10.4 Higher than 254 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Arnhem: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 3.1. Higher than 342 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Arnhem: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 3.1 Higher than 342 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Arnhem: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 18.3. Higher than 137 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Arnhem: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 18.3 Higher than 137 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Arnhem: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 848. Higher than 352 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Arnhem: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 848 Higher than 352 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Arnhem: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 120. Higher than 66 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Arnhem: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 120 Higher than 66 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Air quality (EEA annualized)
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#273 of 298 · 8th pct · #10 in Netherlands
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Arnhem: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 6. Higher than 25 of 298 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3 to 22; median 9.
3
22
median 9
Arnhem: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 6 Higher than 25 of 298 records in the same comparison group Median 9
Employment
Unemployment rate
#243 of 288 · 16th pct · #12 in Netherlands
3.9%d
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Unemployment rate
Arnhem: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 3.9%. Higher than 45 of 288 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3% to 33.0%; median 7.8%.
1.3%
33.0%
median 7.8%
Arnhem: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 3.9% Higher than 45 of 288 records in the same comparison group Median 7.8%
Education
Share of students in higher education in the total population
#168 of 301 · 44th pct · #8 in Netherlands
53
students per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share of students in higher education in the total population
Arnhem: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 53. Higher than 132 of 301 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 579; median 62.
0
579
median 62
Arnhem: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 53 Higher than 132 of 301 records in the same comparison group Median 62
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#68 of 366 · 81st pct · #12 in Netherlands
10
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#326 of 400 · 18th pct · #20 in Netherlands
9
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Arnhem: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 10. Higher than 296 of 366 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4 to 24; median 8.
4
24
median 8
Arnhem: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 10 Higher than 296 of 366 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Crude death rate
Arnhem: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 9. Higher than 74 of 400 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 20; median 12.
5
20
median 12
Arnhem: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 9 Higher than 74 of 400 records in the same comparison group Median 12
Transport costs
Number of registered cars per 1000 population
#217 of 247 · 12th pct · #27 in Netherlands
400
cars per 1000 population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Arnhem: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain Arnhem: 400. Higher than 30 of 247 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 272 to 4,237; median 479.
272
4,237
median 479
Arnhem: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain
Arnhem 400 Higher than 30 of 247 records in the same comparison group Median 479
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
117
EU27_2020=100 · NL · 2024
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€54,900
EUR per inhabitant · NL226 · 2024
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Arnhem? Arnhem had a population of 178,832 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat city figure), the 106th largest of the 426 reporting city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Arnhem? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 10.4 °C (January 3.1 °C, July 18.3 °C) with 848 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Housing & living costs, Tourism, Culture, Resident perception survey. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: d = definition differs
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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