Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 10.5 °C with 853 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS NL423), GDP was €48,700 per inhabitant (2024, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 16 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Maastricht. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#182 of 426 · 57th pct · #15 in Netherlands
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#72 of 381 · 81st pct · #6 in Netherlands
2,017
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#132 of 386 · 65th pct · #4 in Netherlands
22.3%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Maastricht: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 121,151. Higher than 244 of 426 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 38,669 to 3,677,472; median 104,735.
38,669
3,677,472
median 104,735
Maastricht: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 121,151 Higher than 244 of 426 records in the same comparison group Median 104,735
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Maastricht: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 2,017. Higher than 309 of 381 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 28 to 9,215; median 1,069.
28
9,215
median 1,069
Maastricht: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 2,017 Higher than 309 of 381 records in the same comparison group Median 1,069
Share of population aged 65 and over
Maastricht: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 22.3%. Higher than 251 of 386 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 9.1% to 32.5%; median 20.9%.
9.1%
32.5%
median 20.9%
Maastricht: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 22.3% Higher than 251 of 386 records in the same comparison group Median 20.9%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Maastricht climate by month Maastricht monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 3.0°C to 18.6°C; warmest Jul, coldest Jan. Precipitation up to 86mm per month.
20 100 15 75 10 50 5 25 0 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Maastricht monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 3.0°C 75mm Feb 3.5°C 69mm Mar 6.3°C 68mm Apr 9.7°C 54mm May 13.6°C 64mm Jun 16.5°C 74mm Jul 18.6°C 81mm Aug 18.3°C 79mm Sep 15.0°C 66mm Oct 11.2°C 67mm Nov 6.8°C 71mm Dec 3.8°C 86mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#315 of 601 · 47th pct · #24 in Netherlands
10.5
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#262 of 601 · 56th pct · #32 in Netherlands
3.0
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#416 of 601 · 30th pct · #5 in Netherlands
18.6
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#235 of 601 · 61st pct · #19 in Netherlands
853
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#443 of 601 · 26th pct · #16 in Netherlands
124
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Maastricht: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 10.5. Higher than 282 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Maastricht: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 10.5 Higher than 282 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Maastricht: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 3.0. Higher than 335 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Maastricht: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 3.0 Higher than 335 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Maastricht: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 18.6. Higher than 182 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Maastricht: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 18.6 Higher than 182 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Maastricht: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 853. Higher than 366 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Maastricht: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 853 Higher than 366 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Maastricht: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 124. Higher than 157 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Maastricht: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 124 Higher than 157 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Employment
Unemployment rate
#221 of 288 · 23rd pct · #3 in Netherlands
4.7%d
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Unemployment rate
Maastricht: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 4.7%. Higher than 67 of 288 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3% to 33.0%; median 7.8%.
1.3%
33.0%
median 7.8%
Maastricht: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 4.7% Higher than 67 of 288 records in the same comparison group Median 7.8%
Education
Share of students in higher education in the total population
#60 of 301 · 80th pct · #2 in Netherlands
133
students per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share of students in higher education in the total population
Maastricht: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 133. Higher than 241 of 301 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 579; median 62.
0
579
median 62
Maastricht: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 133 Higher than 241 of 301 records in the same comparison group Median 62
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#285 of 366 · 22nd pct · #32 in Netherlands
7
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#251 of 400 · 37th pct · #4 in Netherlands
11
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Maastricht: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 7. Higher than 81 of 366 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4 to 24; median 8.
4
24
median 8
Maastricht: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 7 Higher than 81 of 366 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Crude death rate
Maastricht: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 11. Higher than 148 of 400 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 20; median 12.
5
20
median 12
Maastricht: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 11 Higher than 148 of 400 records in the same comparison group Median 12
Transport costs
Number of registered cars per 1000 population
#240 of 247 · 3rd pct · #31 in Netherlands
366
cars per 1000 population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Maastricht: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain Maastricht: 366. Higher than 7 of 247 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 272 to 4,237; median 479.
272
4,237
median 479
Maastricht: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain
Maastricht 366 Higher than 7 of 247 records in the same comparison group Median 479
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
117
EU27_2020=100 · NL · 2024
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€48,700
EUR per inhabitant · NL423 · 2024
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Maastricht? Maastricht had a population of 121,151 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat city figure), the 182nd largest of the 426 reporting city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Maastricht? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 10.5 °C (January 3.0 °C, July 18.6 °C) with 853 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Air quality (EEA annualized), Housing & living costs, Tourism, Culture, Resident perception survey. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: d = definition differs
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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