Madrid population for Eurostat's greater city geography in Spain was 5,030,132 on 1 January 2022.
Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 14.3 °C with 447 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS ES300), GDP was €42,600 per inhabitant (2023, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 35 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Madrid. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#2 of 163 · 99th pct · #1 in Spain
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#2 of 163 · 99th pct · #2 in Spain
5,278
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#81 of 160 · 48th pct · #17 in Spain
19.6%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Madrid: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 5,030,132. Higher than 161 of 163 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 37,960 to 10,353,710; median 143,083.
37,960
10,353,710
median 143,083
Madrid: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 5,030,132 Higher than 161 of 163 records in the same comparison group Median 143,083
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Madrid: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 5,278. Higher than 161 of 163 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 162 to 17,622; median 1,661.
162
17,622
median 1,661
Madrid: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 5,278 Higher than 161 of 163 records in the same comparison group Median 1,661
Share of population aged 65 and over
Madrid: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 19.6%. Higher than 76 of 160 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.2% to 34.1%; median 19.7%.
12.2%
34.1%
median 19.7%
Madrid: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 19.6% Higher than 76 of 160 records in the same comparison group Median 19.7%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Madrid climate by month Madrid monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 4.8°C to 25.9°C; warmest Jul, coldest Jan. Precipitation up to 63mm per month.
30 120 25 100 20 80 15 60 10 40 5 20 0 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Madrid monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 4.8°C 42mm Feb 6.2°C 36mm Mar 9.5°C 43mm Apr 12.2°C 50mm May 16.6°C 46mm Jun 22.2°C 20mm Jul 25.9°C 8mm Aug 25.4°C 11mm Sep 20.4°C 25mm Oct 14.6°C 63mm Nov 8.8°C 57mm Dec 5.6°C 48mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#113 of 601 · 81st pct · #47 in Spain
14.4
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#162 of 601 · 73rd pct · #62 in Spain
4.8
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#32 of 601 · 95th pct · #20 in Spain
25.9
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#577 of 601 · 4th pct · #60 in Spain
447
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#54 of 601 · 91st pct · #39 in Spain
200
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Madrid: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 14.4. Higher than 487 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Madrid: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 14.4 Higher than 487 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Madrid: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 4.8. Higher than 438 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Madrid: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 4.8 Higher than 438 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Madrid: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 25.9. Higher than 569 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Madrid: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 25.9 Higher than 569 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Madrid: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 447. Higher than 24 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Madrid: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 447 Higher than 24 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Madrid: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 200. Higher than 547 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Madrid: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 200 Higher than 547 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Unemployment rate
Eurostat city or greater-city unemployment rate for the stated year; national definitions and observation flags still apply.
#93 of 128 · 27th pct · #20 in Spain
11.1%e
of population · 2022
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Workplace-based jobs reported for the Eurostat city or greater-city geography; not employed residents or job openings.
#2 of 141 · 99th pct · #1 in Spain
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Unemployment rate
Madrid: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 11.1%. Higher than 35 of 128 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.9% to 22.7%; median 13.2%.
1.9%
22.7%
median 13.2%
Madrid: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 11.1% Higher than 35 of 128 records in the same comparison group Median 13.2%
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Madrid: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 3,136,377. Higher than 139 of 141 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 15,527 to 5,298,886; median 71,369.
15,527
5,298,886
median 71,369
Madrid: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 3,136,377 Higher than 139 of 141 records in the same comparison group Median 71,369
Education
Share of students in higher education in the total population
#71 of 142 · 50th pct · #15 in Spain
72
students per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share of students in higher education in the total population
Madrid: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 72. Higher than 71 of 142 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 288; median 71.
1
288
median 71
Madrid: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 72 Higher than 71 of 142 records in the same comparison group Median 71
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#112 of 154 · 27th pct · #7 in Spain
8
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#132 of 156 · 15th pct · #27 in Spain
8
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Madrid: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 8. Higher than 41 of 154 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 39; median 10.
0
39
median 10
Madrid: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 8 Higher than 41 of 154 records in the same comparison group Median 10
Crude death rate
Madrid: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 8. Higher than 24 of 156 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6 to 16; median 10.
6
16
median 10
Madrid: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 8 Higher than 24 of 156 records in the same comparison group Median 10
Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Registered cars per resident, not congestion, traffic speed or household car access.
#99 of 137 · 28th pct · #23 in Spain
437
cars per 1000 population · 2022
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Small annual rates can be volatile; do not present as a full traffic-safety score.
#116 of 140 · 16th pct · #23 in Spain
0
deaths per 10000 population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Madrid: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 437. Higher than 38 of 137 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 257 to 816; median 482.
257
816
median 482
Madrid: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 437 Higher than 38 of 137 records in the same comparison group Median 482
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Madrid: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 0. Higher than 22 of 140 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 1; median 0.
0
1
median 0
Madrid: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 0 Higher than 22 of 140 records in the same comparison group Median 0
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
90
EU27_2020=100 · ES · 2024
Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents
Cinema-seat capacity per resident; not annual attendance or a culture score.
#80 of 121 · 34th pct · #18 in Spain
19
seats per 1000 residents · 2022
Cinema attendance per year
Culture attendance count where reported; not a full cultural-offer index.
#2 of 117 · 98th pct · #1 in Spain
10,488,277
visits per year · 2022
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Library distribution points where reported; not library visits or service quality.
#5 of 124 · 96th pct · #1 in Spain
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents
Madrid: Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 19. Higher than 41 of 121 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 53; median 23.
0
53
median 23
Madrid: Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 19 Higher than 41 of 121 records in the same comparison group Median 23
Cinema attendance per year
Madrid: Cinema attendance per year in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 10,488,277. Higher than 115 of 117 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 35,526,645; median 454,396.
0
35,526,645
median 454,396
Madrid: Cinema attendance per year in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 10,488,277 Higher than 115 of 117 records in the same comparison group Median 454,396
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Madrid: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 128. Higher than 119 of 124 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 539; median 10.
1
539
median 10
Madrid: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 128 Higher than 119 of 124 records in the same comparison group Median 10
Resident perception survey
Madrid resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
10.4%
somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
21.1%
very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
10.8%
rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
27.6%
very satisfied with the noise level in the city
11.7%
rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
30.8%
very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
9%
rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
30.5%
strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
38%
somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
43.1%
Feel safe at night — strongly agree
25.5%
Feel safe at night — somewhat agree
43.5%
Transport affordable — strongly agree
45%
Transport affordable — somewhat agree
29.9%
Madrid resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 10.4% somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 21.1% very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 10.8% rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 27.6% very satisfied with the noise level in the city 11.7% rather satisfied with the noise level in the city 30.8% very satisfied with cleanliness in the city 9% rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city 30.5% strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 38% somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 43.1% Feel safe at night — strongly agree 25.5% Feel safe at night — somewhat agree 43.5% Transport affordable — strongly agree 45% Transport affordable — somewhat agree 29.9%
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 10.4%. Higher than 25 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.5% to 17.4%; median 7%.
2.5%
17.4%
median 7%
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 10.4% Higher than 25 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 7%
Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 21.1%. Higher than 20 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4.5% to 38.2%; median 15.5%.
4.5%
38.2%
median 15.5%
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 21.1% Higher than 20 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 15.5%
Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Madrid: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 10.8%. Higher than 11 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6.3% to 35.2%; median 13.2%.
6.3%
35.2%
median 13.2%
Madrid: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 10.8% Higher than 11 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 13.2%
Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Madrid: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 27.6%. Higher than 4 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 17.9% to 63.7%; median 44.3%.
17.9%
63.7%
median 44.3%
Madrid: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 27.6% Higher than 4 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 44.3%
Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city
Madrid: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 11.7%. Higher than 5 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6.7% to 28.6%; median 17.9%.
6.7%
28.6%
median 17.9%
Madrid: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 11.7% Higher than 5 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 17.9%
Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
Madrid: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 30.8%. Higher than 3 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 24.3% to 60.2%; median 46.4%.
24.3%
60.2%
median 46.4%
Madrid: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 30.8% Higher than 3 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 46.4%
Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Madrid: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 9%. Higher than 8 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4.6% to 46.5%; median 13%.
4.6%
46.5%
median 13%
Madrid: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 9% Higher than 8 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 13%
Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Madrid: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 30.5%. Higher than 5 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 14.3% to 63%; median 43.2%.
14.3%
63%
median 43.2%
Madrid: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 30.5% Higher than 5 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 43.2%
Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 38%. Higher than 9 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 18.4% to 77.3%; median 45.5%.
18.4%
77.3%
median 45.5%
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 38% Higher than 9 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 45.5%
Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 43.1%. Higher than 16 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 16.2% to 61.9%; median 42.7%.
16.2%
61.9%
median 42.7%
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 43.1% Higher than 16 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 42.7%
Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 25.5%. Higher than 17 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.6% to 46.7%; median 24.6%.
7.6%
46.7%
median 24.6%
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 25.5% Higher than 17 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 24.6%
Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 43.5%. Higher than 17 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 27.3% to 66.3%; median 42.4%.
27.3%
66.3%
median 42.4%
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 43.5% Higher than 17 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 42.4%
Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 45%. Higher than 28 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8.5% to 61.9%; median 30.5%.
8.5%
61.9%
median 30.5%
Madrid: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 45% Higher than 28 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 30.5%
Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Madrid: 29.9%. Higher than 3 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 19.5% to 57.5%; median 36%.
19.5%
57.5%
median 36%
Madrid: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Madrid 29.9% Higher than 3 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 36%
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€42,600
EUR per inhabitant · ES300 · 2023
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Madrid? Madrid had a population of 5,030,132 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat greater city figure), the 2nd largest of the 163 reporting greater city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Madrid? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 14.4 °C (January 4.8 °C, July 25.9 °C) with 447 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Air quality (EEA annualized), Housing & living costs, Tourism. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: e = estimated
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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