Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 17.1 °C with 830 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS ITG13), GDP was €22,500 per inhabitant (2023, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 26 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Messina. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#77 of 426 · 82nd pct · #10 in Italy
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#199 of 381 · 48th pct · #29 in Italy
1,047
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#75 of 386 · 80th pct · #46 in Italy
24.4%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Messina: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Messina: 221,246. Higher than 349 of 426 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 38,669 to 3,677,472; median 104,735.
38,669
3,677,472
median 104,735
Messina: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Messina 221,246 Higher than 349 of 426 records in the same comparison group Median 104,735
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Messina: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 1,047. Higher than 182 of 381 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 28 to 9,215; median 1,069.
28
9,215
median 1,069
Messina: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 1,047 Higher than 182 of 381 records in the same comparison group Median 1,069
Share of population aged 65 and over
Messina: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Messina: 24.4%. Higher than 310 of 386 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 9.1% to 32.5%; median 20.9%.
9.1%
32.5%
median 20.9%
Messina: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Messina 24.4% Higher than 310 of 386 records in the same comparison group Median 20.9%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Messina climate by month Messina monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 10.2°C to 25.4°C; warmest Aug, coldest Feb. Precipitation up to 113mm per month.
30 200 25 150 20 100 15 50 10 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Messina monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 10.3°C 99mm Feb 10.2°C 93mm Mar 11.8°C 87mm Apr 14.1°C 67mm May 18.0°C 37mm Jun 22.2°C 24mm Jul 24.9°C 12mm Aug 25.4°C 21mm Sep 22.2°C 77mm Oct 18.9°C 104mm Nov 15.1°C 97mm Dec 11.8°C 113mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#37 of 601 · 94th pct · #7 in Italy
17.1
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#24 of 601 · 96th pct · #3 in Italy
10.4
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#74 of 601 · 88th pct · #28 in Italy
24.9
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#282 of 601 · 53rd pct · #51 in Italy
830
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#66 of 601 · 89th pct · #10 in Italy
196
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Messina: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 17.1. Higher than 564 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Messina: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 17.1 Higher than 564 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Messina: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 10.4. Higher than 577 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Messina: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 10.4 Higher than 577 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Messina: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 24.9. Higher than 527 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Messina: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 24.9 Higher than 527 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Messina: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 830. Higher than 319 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Messina: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 830 Higher than 319 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Messina: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 196. Higher than 535 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Messina: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 196 Higher than 535 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Air quality (EEA annualized)
Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#197 of 329 · 40th pct · #44 in Italy
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#144 of 281 · 48th pct · #21 in Italy
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#164 of 298 · 45th pct · #46 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Messina: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Messina: 15. Higher than 132 of 329 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 35; median 16.
5
35
median 16
Messina: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Messina 15 Higher than 132 of 329 records in the same comparison group Median 16
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Messina: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Messina: 52. Higher than 136 of 281 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 33 to 81; median 52.
33
81
median 52
Messina: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Messina 52 Higher than 136 of 281 records in the same comparison group Median 52
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Messina: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Messina: 9. Higher than 134 of 298 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3 to 22; median 9.
3
22
median 9
Messina: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Messina 9 Higher than 134 of 298 records in the same comparison group Median 9
Unemployment rate
Eurostat city or greater-city unemployment rate for the stated year; national definitions and observation flags still apply.
#50 of 288 · 83rd pct · #8 in Italy
14.2%
of population · 2022
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Workplace-based jobs reported for the Eurostat city or greater-city geography; not employed residents or job openings.
#250 of 411 · 39th pct · #29 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Unemployment rate
Messina: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain Messina: 14.2%. Higher than 238 of 288 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3% to 33.0%; median 7.8%.
1.3%
33.0%
median 7.8%
Messina: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain
Messina 14.2% Higher than 238 of 288 records in the same comparison group Median 7.8%
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Messina: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 42,890. Higher than 161 of 411 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8,769 to 2,091,000; median 54,000.
8,769
2,091,000
median 54,000
Messina: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 42,890 Higher than 161 of 411 records in the same comparison group Median 54,000
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#299 of 366 · 18th pct · #40 in Italy
7
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#78 of 400 · 80th pct · #11 in Italy
14
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Messina: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Messina: 7. Higher than 66 of 366 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4 to 24; median 8.
4
24
median 8
Messina: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Messina 7 Higher than 66 of 366 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Crude death rate
Messina: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Messina: 14. Higher than 322 of 400 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 20; median 12.
5
20
median 12
Messina: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Messina 14 Higher than 322 of 400 records in the same comparison group Median 12
Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Registered cars per resident, not congestion, traffic speed or household car access.
#30 of 247 · 88th pct · #29 in Italy
660
cars per 1000 population · 2022
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Small annual rates can be volatile; do not present as a full traffic-safety score.
#30 of 358 · 91st pct · #16 in Italy
1
deaths per 10000 population · 2022
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Reported Eurostat infrastructure length; not a cycling-mode-share or safety measure.
#307 of 328 · 6th pct · #57 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Messina: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain Messina: 660. Higher than 217 of 247 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 272 to 4,237; median 479.
272
4,237
median 479
Messina: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain
Messina 660 Higher than 217 of 247 records in the same comparison group Median 479
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Messina: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain Messina: 1. Higher than 327 of 358 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 2; median 0.
0
2
median 0
Messina: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain
Messina 1 Higher than 327 of 358 records in the same comparison group Median 0
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Messina: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 7. Higher than 21 of 328 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 1,073,473; median 138.
0
1,073,473
median 138
Messina: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 7 Higher than 21 of 328 records in the same comparison group Median 138
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
96
EU27_2020=100 · IT · 2024
Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments
#66 of 92 · 28th pct · #54 in Italy
129,277
nights / year · 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents
#51 of 78 · 35th pct · #51 in Italy
106,627
nights / year · 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents
#62 of 78 · 21st pct · #61 in Italy
22,650
nights / year · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments
Messina: Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments in the same year and geography grain Messina: 129,277. Higher than 26 of 92 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 29,246,038; median 294,774.
0
29,246,038
median 294,774
Messina: Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments in the same year and geography grain
Messina 129,277 Higher than 26 of 92 records in the same comparison group Median 294,774
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents
Messina: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents in the same year and geography grain Messina: 106,627. Higher than 27 of 78 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 11,647 to 10,408,868; median 177,863.
11,647
10,408,868
median 177,863
Messina: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents in the same year and geography grain
Messina 106,627 Higher than 27 of 78 records in the same comparison group Median 177,863
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents
Messina: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents in the same year and geography grain Messina: 22,650. Higher than 16 of 78 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3,119 to 18,837,170; median 108,214.
3,119
18,837,170
median 108,214
Messina: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents in the same year and geography grain
Messina 22,650 Higher than 16 of 78 records in the same comparison group Median 108,214
Number of museum visitors per year
Museum visitor count where reported; not a count of museums or all cultural visits.
#162 of 226 · 28th pct · #58 in Italy
26,402
visits per year · 2022
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Library distribution points where reported; not library visits or service quality.
#139 of 425 · 65th pct · #31 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of museum visitors per year
Messina: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain Messina: 26,402. Higher than 64 of 226 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 23,305,990; median 60,998.
0
23,305,990
median 60,998
Messina: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain
Messina 26,402 Higher than 64 of 226 records in the same comparison group Median 60,998
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Messina: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain Messina: 12. Higher than 275 of 425 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 336; median 8.
1
336
median 8
Messina: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain
Messina 12 Higher than 275 of 425 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€22,500
EUR per inhabitant · ITG13 · 2023
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Messina? Messina had a population of 221,246 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat city figure), the 77th largest of the 426 reporting city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Messina? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 17.1 °C (January 10.4 °C, July 24.9 °C) with 830 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Housing & living costs, Education, Resident perception survey. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: b = break in time series
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
Compare Messina with another city →