Its average annual rent for housing is €173.00 per m² (2022) — 6th highest of the 168 cities reporting this Eurostat field.
Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 5.9 °C with 722 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS FI1C1), GDP was €46,300 per inhabitant (2024, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 29 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Turku/Åbo. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#97 of 426 · 77th pct · #6 in Finland
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#248 of 381 · 35th pct · #4 in Finland
784
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#185 of 386 · 51st pct · #3 in Finland
21.1%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Turku/Åbo: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 195,137. Higher than 329 of 426 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 38,669 to 3,677,472; median 104,735.
38,669
3,677,472
median 104,735
Turku/Åbo: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 195,137 Higher than 329 of 426 records in the same comparison group Median 104,735
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Turku/Åbo: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 784. Higher than 133 of 381 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 28 to 9,215; median 1,069.
28
9,215
median 1,069
Turku/Åbo: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 784 Higher than 133 of 381 records in the same comparison group Median 1,069
Share of population aged 65 and over
Turku/Åbo: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 21.1%. Higher than 196 of 386 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 9.1% to 32.5%; median 20.9%.
9.1%
32.5%
median 20.9%
Turku/Åbo: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 21.1% Higher than 196 of 386 records in the same comparison group Median 20.9%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Turku/Åbo climate by month Turku/Åbo monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature -4.6°C to 17.7°C; warmest Jul, coldest Feb. Precipitation up to 89mm per month.
20 100 15 80 10 60 5 40 0 20 -5 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Turku/Åbo monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan -3.7°C 56mm Feb -4.6°C 44mm Mar -1.5°C 41mm Apr 4.1°C 37mm May 10.1°C 45mm Jun 14.6°C 72mm Jul 17.7°C 89mm Aug 16.5°C 85mm Sep 11.7°C 63mm Oct 5.9°C 65mm Nov 1.8°C 62mm Dec -1.4°C 64mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#588 of 601 · 2nd pct · #2 in Finland
5.9
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#586 of 601 · 2nd pct · #1 in Finland
-3.7
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#555 of 601 · 7th pct · #4 in Finland
17.7
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#418 of 601 · 30th pct · #5 in Finland
722
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#580 of 601 · 3rd pct · #3 in Finland
114
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Turku/Åbo: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 5.9. Higher than 13 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Turku/Åbo: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 5.9 Higher than 13 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Turku/Åbo: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: -3.7. Higher than 15 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Turku/Åbo: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo -3.7 Higher than 15 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Turku/Åbo: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 17.7. Higher than 45 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Turku/Åbo: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 17.7 Higher than 45 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Turku/Åbo: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 722. Higher than 183 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Turku/Åbo: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 722 Higher than 183 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Turku/Åbo: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 114. Higher than 21 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Turku/Åbo: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 114 Higher than 21 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Average annual rent for housing per m2
This is a reported Eurostat city field, not a full housing-cost basket.
#6 of 168 · 96th pct · #5 in Finland
€173.00
EUR per m2 per year · 2022
Average price for buying a house
#152 of 201 · 24th pct · #5 in Finland
Average price for buying an apartment
#116 of 218 · 47th pct · #5 in Finland
Average price for buying a house per m2
#93 of 200 · 54th pct · #4 in Finland
€2,985.00d
EUR per m2 · 2022
Average price for buying an apartment per m2
#75 of 199 · 62nd pct · #5 in Finland
€3,087.00d
EUR per m2 · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Average annual rent for housing per m2
Turku/Åbo: Average annual rent for housing per m2 in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: €173.00. Higher than 162 of 168 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €5.90 to €230.00; median €9.10.
€5.90
€230.00
median €9.10
Turku/Åbo: Average annual rent for housing per m2 in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo €173.00 Higher than 162 of 168 records in the same comparison group Median €9.10
Average price for buying a house
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying a house in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: €240,262. Higher than 49 of 201 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €20,136 to €1,399,882; median €380,298.
€20,136
€1,399,882
median €380,298
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying a house in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo €240,262 Higher than 49 of 201 records in the same comparison group Median €380,298
Average price for buying an apartment
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying an apartment in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: €168,690. Higher than 102 of 218 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €14,900 to €652,648; median €176,563.
€14,900
€652,648
median €176,563
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying an apartment in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo €168,690 Higher than 102 of 218 records in the same comparison group Median €176,563
Average price for buying a house per m2
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying a house per m2 in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: €2,985.00. Higher than 107 of 200 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €334.72 to €10,678.11; median €2,900.69.
€334.72
€10,678.11
median €2,900.69
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying a house per m2 in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo €2,985.00 Higher than 107 of 200 records in the same comparison group Median €2,900.69
Average price for buying an apartment per m2
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying an apartment per m2 in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: €3,087.00. Higher than 124 of 199 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €337.85 to €9,427.65; median €2,543.00.
€337.85
€9,427.65
median €2,543.00
Turku/Åbo: Average price for buying an apartment per m2 in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo €3,087.00 Higher than 124 of 199 records in the same comparison group Median €2,543.00
Unemployment rate
Eurostat city or greater-city unemployment rate for the stated year; national definitions and observation flags still apply.
#87 of 288 · 70th pct · #4 in Finland
11.5%
of population · 2022
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Workplace-based jobs reported for the Eurostat city or greater-city geography; not employed residents or job openings.
#103 of 411 · 75th pct · #5 in Finland
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Unemployment rate
Turku/Åbo: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 11.5%. Higher than 201 of 288 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3% to 33.0%; median 7.8%.
1.3%
33.0%
median 7.8%
Turku/Åbo: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 11.5% Higher than 201 of 288 records in the same comparison group Median 7.8%
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Turku/Åbo: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 103,774. Higher than 308 of 411 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8,769 to 2,091,000; median 54,000.
8,769
2,091,000
median 54,000
Turku/Åbo: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 103,774 Higher than 308 of 411 records in the same comparison group Median 54,000
Education
Share of students in higher education in the total population
#29 of 301 · 90th pct · #1 in Finland
171
students per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share of students in higher education in the total population
Turku/Åbo: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 171. Higher than 272 of 301 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 579; median 62.
0
579
median 62
Turku/Åbo: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 171 Higher than 272 of 301 records in the same comparison group Median 62
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#169 of 366 · 54th pct · #7 in Finland
8
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#246 of 400 · 38th pct · #2 in Finland
11
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Turku/Åbo: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 8. Higher than 197 of 366 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4 to 24; median 8.
4
24
median 8
Turku/Åbo: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 8 Higher than 197 of 366 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Crude death rate
Turku/Åbo: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 11. Higher than 152 of 400 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 20; median 12.
5
20
median 12
Turku/Åbo: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 11 Higher than 152 of 400 records in the same comparison group Median 12
Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Registered cars per resident, not congestion, traffic speed or household car access.
#226 of 247 · 9th pct · #5 in Finland
384
cars per 1000 population · 2022
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Small annual rates can be volatile; do not present as a full traffic-safety score.
#247 of 358 · 28th pct · #6 in Finland
0
deaths per 10000 population · 2022
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Reported Eurostat infrastructure length; not a cycling-mode-share or safety measure.
#137 of 328 · 58th pct · #8 in Finland
Cost of a combined monthly ticket for 5-10 km in the central zone
This is a transport-cost input, not a full cost-of-living index.
#9 of 73 · 88th pct · #7 in Finland
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Turku/Åbo: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 384. Higher than 21 of 247 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 272 to 4,237; median 479.
272
4,237
median 479
Turku/Åbo: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 384 Higher than 21 of 247 records in the same comparison group Median 479
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Turku/Åbo: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 0. Higher than 101 of 358 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 2; median 0.
0
2
median 0
Turku/Åbo: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 0 Higher than 101 of 358 records in the same comparison group Median 0
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Turku/Åbo: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 457. Higher than 191 of 328 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 1,073,473; median 138.
0
1,073,473
median 138
Turku/Åbo: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 457 Higher than 191 of 328 records in the same comparison group Median 138
Cost of a combined monthly ticket for 5-10 km in the central zone
Turku/Åbo: Cost of a combined monthly ticket for 5-10 km in the central zone in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: €55. Higher than 64 of 73 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €10 to €100; median €29.
€10
€100
median €29
Turku/Åbo: Cost of a combined monthly ticket for 5-10 km in the central zone in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo €55 Higher than 64 of 73 records in the same comparison group Median €29
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
120
EU27_2020=100 · FI · 2024
Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents
Cinema-seat capacity per resident; not annual attendance or a culture score.
#229 of 267 · 14th pct · #3 in Finland
8
seats per 1000 residents · 2022
Cinema attendance per year
Culture attendance count where reported; not a full cultural-offer index.
#124 of 246 · 50th pct · #6 in Finland
238,832
visits per year · 2022
Number of museum visitors per year
Museum visitor count where reported; not a count of museums or all cultural visits.
#28 of 226 · 88th pct · #3 in Finland
649,862
visits per year · 2022
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Library distribution points where reported; not library visits or service quality.
#139 of 425 · 65th pct · #6 in Finland
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents
Turku/Åbo: Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 8. Higher than 38 of 267 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 89; median 16.
0
89
median 16
Turku/Åbo: Number of cinema seats per 1000 residents in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 8 Higher than 38 of 267 records in the same comparison group Median 16
Cinema attendance per year
Turku/Åbo: Cinema attendance per year in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 238,832. Higher than 122 of 246 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 8,226,299; median 239,309.
0
8,226,299
median 239,309
Turku/Åbo: Cinema attendance per year in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 238,832 Higher than 122 of 246 records in the same comparison group Median 239,309
Number of museum visitors per year
Turku/Åbo: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 649,862. Higher than 198 of 226 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 23,305,990; median 60,998.
0
23,305,990
median 60,998
Turku/Åbo: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 649,862 Higher than 198 of 226 records in the same comparison group Median 60,998
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Turku/Åbo: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain Turku/Åbo: 12. Higher than 275 of 425 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 336; median 8.
1
336
median 8
Turku/Åbo: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain
Turku/Åbo 12 Higher than 275 of 425 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€46,300
EUR per inhabitant · FI1C1 · 2024
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Turku/Åbo? Turku/Åbo had a population of 195,137 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat city figure), the 97th largest of the 426 reporting city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Turku/Åbo? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 5.9 °C (January -3.7 °C, July 17.7 °C) with 722 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
How much is rent in Turku/Åbo? Eurostat reports an average annual rent of €173.00 per m² (2022), 6th highest of the 168 reporting city records in the same year. This is a single reported field, not a full housing-cost basket.
Not reported for this city: Air quality (EEA annualized), Tourism, Resident perception survey. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: d = definition differs · b = break in time series
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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