Eurostat does not report a population value for Kraków in the current city-statistics extract. This profile reports 30 of 50 displayed indicators. The population field remains missing.
Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 8.8 °C with 807 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS PL213), GDP was €31,800 per inhabitant (2023, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 30 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Kraków. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Kraków climate by month Kraków monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature -2.0°C to 19.3°C; warmest Jul, coldest Jan. Precipitation up to 105mm per month.
20 125 15 100 10 75 5 50 0 25 -5 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Kraków monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan -2.0°C 49mm Feb -0.7°C 48mm Mar 3.2°C 56mm Apr 9.0°C 61mm May 13.9°C 90mm Jun 17.4°C 91mm Jul 19.3°C 105mm Aug 19.1°C 77mm Sep 14.2°C 75mm Oct 9.0°C 61mm Nov 3.9°C 49mm Dec -0.5°C 46mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#519 of 601 · 13th pct · #37 in Poland
8.8
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#548 of 601 · 8th pct · #43 in Poland
-2.0
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#293 of 601 · 51st pct · #26 in Poland
19.3
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#313 of 601 · 48th pct · #18 in Poland
807
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#364 of 601 · 39th pct · #3 in Poland
128
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Kraków: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 8.8. Higher than 81 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Kraków: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 8.8 Higher than 81 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Kraków: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: -2.0. Higher than 51 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Kraków: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków -2.0 Higher than 51 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Kraków: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 19.3. Higher than 304 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Kraków: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 19.3 Higher than 304 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Kraków: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 807. Higher than 288 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Kraków: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 807 Higher than 288 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Kraków: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 128. Higher than 237 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Kraków: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 128 Higher than 237 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Air quality (EEA annualized)
Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#2 of 329 · 99th pct · #2 in Poland
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#264 of 281 · 6th pct · #26 in Poland
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#15 of 298 · 95th pct · #6 in Poland
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Kraków: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 35. Higher than 327 of 329 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 35; median 16.
5
35
median 16
Kraków: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 35 Higher than 327 of 329 records in the same comparison group Median 16
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Kraków: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 41. Higher than 17 of 281 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 33 to 81; median 52.
33
81
median 52
Kraków: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 41 Higher than 17 of 281 records in the same comparison group Median 52
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Kraków: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 18. Higher than 283 of 298 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3 to 22; median 9.
3
22
median 9
Kraków: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 18 Higher than 283 of 298 records in the same comparison group Median 9
Employment
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
#11 of 411 · 97th pct · #2 in Poland
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Kraków: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 526,589. Higher than 400 of 411 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8,769 to 2,091,000; median 54,000.
8,769
2,091,000
median 54,000
Kraków: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 526,589 Higher than 400 of 411 records in the same comparison group Median 54,000
Transport costs
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
#144 of 328 · 56th pct · #4 in Poland
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Kraków: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 270. Higher than 184 of 328 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 1,073,473; median 138.
0
1,073,473
median 138
Kraków: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 270 Higher than 184 of 328 records in the same comparison group Median 138
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
72
EU27_2020=100 · PL · 2024
Cinema attendance per year
Culture attendance count where reported; not a full cultural-offer index.
#5 of 246 · 98th pct · #2 in Poland
2,497,896
visits per year · 2022
Number of museum visitors per year
Museum visitor count where reported; not a count of museums or all cultural visits.
#4 of 226 · 98th pct · #2 in Poland
4,876,189
visits per year · 2022
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Library distribution points where reported; not library visits or service quality.
#8 of 425 · 98th pct · #2 in Poland
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Cinema attendance per year
Kraków: Cinema attendance per year in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 2,497,896. Higher than 241 of 246 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 8,226,299; median 239,309.
0
8,226,299
median 239,309
Kraków: Cinema attendance per year in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 2,497,896 Higher than 241 of 246 records in the same comparison group Median 239,309
Number of museum visitors per year
Kraków: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 4,876,189. Higher than 222 of 226 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 23,305,990; median 60,998.
0
23,305,990
median 60,998
Kraków: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 4,876,189 Higher than 222 of 226 records in the same comparison group Median 60,998
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Kraków: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 71. Higher than 416 of 425 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 336; median 8.
1
336
median 8
Kraków: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 71 Higher than 416 of 425 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Resident perception survey
Kraków resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
5.8%
somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
20.5%
very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
5.8%
rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
15.8%
very satisfied with the noise level in the city
7.7%
rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
38.4%
very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
6.6%
rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
58.6%
strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
41.8%
somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
45.6%
Feel safe at night — strongly agree
22.1%
Feel safe at night — somewhat agree
55%
Transport affordable — strongly agree
19.5%
Transport affordable — somewhat agree
35.9%
Kraków resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 5.8% somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 20.5% very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 5.8% rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 15.8% very satisfied with the noise level in the city 7.7% rather satisfied with the noise level in the city 38.4% very satisfied with cleanliness in the city 6.6% rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city 58.6% strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 41.8% somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 45.6% Feel safe at night — strongly agree 22.1% Feel safe at night — somewhat agree 55% Transport affordable — strongly agree 19.5% Transport affordable — somewhat agree 35.9%
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 5.8%. Higher than 11 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.9% to 23.6%; median 9.7%.
2.9%
23.6%
median 9.7%
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 5.8% Higher than 11 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 9.7%
Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 20.5%. Higher than 18 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6% to 47%; median 25.4%.
6%
47%
median 25.4%
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 20.5% Higher than 18 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 25.4%
Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Kraków: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 5.8%. Higher than 5 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.6% to 49.2%; median 18.9%.
2.6%
49.2%
median 18.9%
Kraków: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 5.8% Higher than 5 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 18.9%
Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Kraków: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 15.8%. Higher than 1 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 14.2% to 61.7%; median 45.5%.
14.2%
61.7%
median 45.5%
Kraków: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 15.8% Higher than 1 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 45.5%
Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city
Kraków: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 7.7%. Higher than 0 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.7% to 33%; median 18.7%.
7.7%
33%
median 18.7%
Kraków: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 7.7% Higher than 0 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 18.7%
Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
Kraków: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 38.4%. Higher than 10 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 21.1% to 61.3%; median 45.5%.
21.1%
61.3%
median 45.5%
Kraków: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 38.4% Higher than 10 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 45.5%
Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Kraków: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 6.6%. Higher than 3 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.2% to 52.6%; median 15.9%.
2.2%
52.6%
median 15.9%
Kraków: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 6.6% Higher than 3 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 15.9%
Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Kraków: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 58.6%. Higher than 44 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4% to 66.5%; median 45.2%.
4%
66.5%
median 45.2%
Kraków: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 58.6% Higher than 44 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 45.2%
Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 41.8%. Higher than 13 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 15.6% to 73.9%; median 53.4%.
15.6%
73.9%
median 53.4%
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 41.8% Higher than 13 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 53.4%
Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 45.6%. Higher than 40 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 18.2% to 54.5%; median 34.6%.
18.2%
54.5%
median 34.6%
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 45.6% Higher than 40 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 34.6%
Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 22.1%. Higher than 22 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.2% to 54.1%; median 24.6%.
7.2%
54.1%
median 24.6%
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 22.1% Higher than 22 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 24.6%
Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 55%. Higher than 48 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 26.1% to 58.5%; median 39.7%.
26.1%
58.5%
median 39.7%
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 55% Higher than 48 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 39.7%
Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 19.5%. Higher than 14 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.5% to 68.3%; median 28.9%.
7.5%
68.3%
median 28.9%
Kraków: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 19.5% Higher than 14 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 28.9%
Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Kraków: 35.9%. Higher than 17 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 21.1% to 52.6%; median 38.1%.
21.1%
52.6%
median 38.1%
Kraków: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Kraków 35.9% Higher than 17 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 38.1%
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€31,800
EUR per inhabitant · PL213 · 2023
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the climate of Kraków? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 8.8 °C (January -2.0 °C, July 19.3 °C) with 807 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Population & demographics, Housing & living costs, Education, Births & deaths, Tourism. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: e = estimated
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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