Palermo population for Eurostat's city geography in Italy was 635,439 on 1 January 2022.
Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 16.2 °C with 638 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS ITG12), GDP was €23,900 per inhabitant (2023, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 40 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Palermo. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#14 of 426 · 97th pct · #3 in Italy
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#14 of 381 · 96th pct · #2 in Italy
3,969
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#132 of 386 · 65th pct · #64 in Italy
22.3%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Palermo: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 635,439. Higher than 412 of 426 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 38,669 to 3,677,472; median 104,735.
38,669
3,677,472
median 104,735
Palermo: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 635,439 Higher than 412 of 426 records in the same comparison group Median 104,735
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Palermo: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 3,969. Higher than 367 of 381 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 28 to 9,215; median 1,069.
28
9,215
median 1,069
Palermo: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 3,969 Higher than 367 of 381 records in the same comparison group Median 1,069
Share of population aged 65 and over
Palermo: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 22.3%. Higher than 251 of 386 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 9.1% to 32.5%; median 20.9%.
9.1%
32.5%
median 20.9%
Palermo: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 22.3% Higher than 251 of 386 records in the same comparison group Median 20.9%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Palermo climate by month Palermo monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 8.9°C to 25.0°C; warmest Aug, coldest Feb. Precipitation up to 86mm per month.
25 100 20 75 15 50 10 25 5 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Palermo monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 9.1°C 70mm Feb 8.9°C 71mm Mar 10.9°C 65mm Apr 13.3°C 59mm May 17.3°C 36mm Jun 21.7°C 16mm Jul 24.6°C 7mm Aug 25.0°C 20mm Sep 21.5°C 67mm Oct 18.0°C 86mm Nov 13.9°C 68mm Dec 10.5°C 74mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#61 of 601 · 90th pct · #21 in Italy
16.2
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#56 of 601 · 91st pct · #14 in Italy
9.1
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#86 of 601 · 86th pct · #37 in Italy
24.6
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#511 of 601 · 15th pct · #67 in Italy
638
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#45 of 601 · 92nd pct · #4 in Italy
202
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Palermo: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 16.2. Higher than 540 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Palermo: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 16.2 Higher than 540 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Palermo: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 9.1. Higher than 545 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Palermo: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 9.1 Higher than 545 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Palermo: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 24.6. Higher than 515 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Palermo: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 24.6 Higher than 515 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Palermo: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 638. Higher than 90 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Palermo: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 638 Higher than 90 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Palermo: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 202. Higher than 555 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Palermo: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 202 Higher than 555 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Air quality (EEA annualized)
Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#14 of 329 · 96th pct · #7 in Italy
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#8 of 281 · 97th pct · #2 in Italy
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#69 of 298 · 77th pct · #22 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Palermo: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 29. Higher than 315 of 329 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 35; median 16.
5
35
median 16
Palermo: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 29 Higher than 315 of 329 records in the same comparison group Median 16
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Palermo: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 68. Higher than 273 of 281 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 33 to 81; median 52.
33
81
median 52
Palermo: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 68 Higher than 273 of 281 records in the same comparison group Median 52
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Palermo: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 13. Higher than 229 of 298 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3 to 22; median 9.
3
22
median 9
Palermo: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 13 Higher than 229 of 298 records in the same comparison group Median 9
Unemployment rate
Eurostat city or greater-city unemployment rate for the stated year; national definitions and observation flags still apply.
#33 of 288 · 89th pct · #2 in Italy
16.7%
of population · 2022
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Workplace-based jobs reported for the Eurostat city or greater-city geography; not employed residents or job openings.
#66 of 411 · 84th pct · #6 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Unemployment rate
Palermo: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 16.7%. Higher than 255 of 288 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3% to 33.0%; median 7.8%.
1.3%
33.0%
median 7.8%
Palermo: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 16.7% Higher than 255 of 288 records in the same comparison group Median 7.8%
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Palermo: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 142,201. Higher than 345 of 411 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8,769 to 2,091,000; median 54,000.
8,769
2,091,000
median 54,000
Palermo: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 142,201 Higher than 345 of 411 records in the same comparison group Median 54,000
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#185 of 366 · 49th pct · #5 in Italy
8
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#192 of 400 · 52nd pct · #50 in Italy
12
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Palermo: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 8. Higher than 181 of 366 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4 to 24; median 8.
4
24
median 8
Palermo: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 8 Higher than 181 of 366 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Crude death rate
Palermo: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 12. Higher than 207 of 400 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 20; median 12.
5
20
median 12
Palermo: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 12 Higher than 207 of 400 records in the same comparison group Median 12
Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Registered cars per resident, not congestion, traffic speed or household car access.
#51 of 247 · 79th pct · #50 in Italy
622
cars per 1000 population · 2022
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Small annual rates can be volatile; do not present as a full traffic-safety score.
#133 of 358 · 62nd pct · #54 in Italy
0
deaths per 10000 population · 2022
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Reported Eurostat infrastructure length; not a cycling-mode-share or safety measure.
#225 of 328 · 31st pct · #27 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Palermo: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 622. Higher than 196 of 247 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 272 to 4,237; median 479.
272
4,237
median 479
Palermo: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 622 Higher than 196 of 247 records in the same comparison group Median 479
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Palermo: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 0. Higher than 223 of 358 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 2; median 0.
0
2
median 0
Palermo: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 0 Higher than 223 of 358 records in the same comparison group Median 0
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Palermo: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 51. Higher than 103 of 328 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 1,073,473; median 138.
0
1,073,473
median 138
Palermo: Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 51 Higher than 103 of 328 records in the same comparison group Median 138
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
96
EU27_2020=100 · IT · 2024
Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments
#11 of 92 · 88th pct · #11 in Italy
1,649,297
nights / year · 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents
#13 of 78 · 83rd pct · #13 in Italy
795,093
nights / year · 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents
#9 of 78 · 88th pct · #9 in Italy
854,204
nights / year · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments
Palermo: Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 1,649,297. Higher than 81 of 92 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 29,246,038; median 294,774.
0
29,246,038
median 294,774
Palermo: Total nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 1,649,297 Higher than 81 of 92 records in the same comparison group Median 294,774
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents
Palermo: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 795,093. Higher than 65 of 78 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 11,647 to 10,408,868; median 177,863.
11,647
10,408,868
median 177,863
Palermo: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by residents in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 795,093 Higher than 65 of 78 records in the same comparison group Median 177,863
Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents
Palermo: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 854,204. Higher than 69 of 78 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3,119 to 18,837,170; median 108,214.
3,119
18,837,170
median 108,214
Palermo: Nights spent in tourist accommodation establishments by non-residents in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 854,204 Higher than 69 of 78 records in the same comparison group Median 108,214
Number of museum visitors per year
Museum visitor count where reported; not a count of museums or all cultural visits.
#16 of 226 · 93rd pct · #9 in Italy
1,009,810
visits per year · 2022
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Library distribution points where reported; not library visits or service quality.
#17 of 425 · 96th pct · #7 in Italy
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of museum visitors per year
Palermo: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 1,009,810. Higher than 210 of 226 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 23,305,990; median 60,998.
0
23,305,990
median 60,998
Palermo: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 1,009,810 Higher than 210 of 226 records in the same comparison group Median 60,998
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Palermo: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 41. Higher than 406 of 425 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 336; median 8.
1
336
median 8
Palermo: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 41 Higher than 406 of 425 records in the same comparison group Median 8
Resident perception survey
Palermo resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
11.3%
somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
47%
very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
10.1%
rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
28.3%
very satisfied with the noise level in the city
8.6%
rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
22.2%
very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
2.2%
rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
4%
strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
15.6%
somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
45.5%
Feel safe at night — strongly agree
9.6%
Feel safe at night — somewhat agree
41.5%
Transport affordable — strongly agree
10.5%
Transport affordable — somewhat agree
38.6%
Palermo resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 11.3% somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 47% very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 10.1% rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 28.3% very satisfied with the noise level in the city 8.6% rather satisfied with the noise level in the city 22.2% very satisfied with cleanliness in the city 2.2% rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city 4% strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 15.6% somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 45.5% Feel safe at night — strongly agree 9.6% Feel safe at night — somewhat agree 41.5% Transport affordable — strongly agree 10.5% Transport affordable — somewhat agree 38.6%
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 11.3%. Higher than 30 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.9% to 23.6%; median 9.7%.
2.9%
23.6%
median 9.7%
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 11.3% Higher than 30 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 9.7%
Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 47%. Higher than 49 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6% to 47%; median 25.4%.
6%
47%
median 25.4%
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 47% Higher than 49 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 25.4%
Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Palermo: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 10.1%. Higher than 10 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.6% to 49.2%; median 18.9%.
2.6%
49.2%
median 18.9%
Palermo: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 10.1% Higher than 10 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 18.9%
Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Palermo: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 28.3%. Higher than 5 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 14.2% to 61.7%; median 45.5%.
14.2%
61.7%
median 45.5%
Palermo: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 28.3% Higher than 5 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 45.5%
Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city
Palermo: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 8.6%. Higher than 2 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.7% to 33%; median 18.7%.
7.7%
33%
median 18.7%
Palermo: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 8.6% Higher than 2 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 18.7%
Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
Palermo: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 22.2%. Higher than 1 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 21.1% to 61.3%; median 45.5%.
21.1%
61.3%
median 45.5%
Palermo: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 22.2% Higher than 1 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 45.5%
Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Palermo: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 2.2%. Higher than 0 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.2% to 52.6%; median 15.9%.
2.2%
52.6%
median 15.9%
Palermo: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 2.2% Higher than 0 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 15.9%
Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Palermo: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 4%. Higher than 0 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4% to 66.5%; median 45.2%.
4%
66.5%
median 45.2%
Palermo: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 4% Higher than 0 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 45.2%
Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 15.6%. Higher than 0 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 15.6% to 73.9%; median 53.4%.
15.6%
73.9%
median 53.4%
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 15.6% Higher than 0 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 53.4%
Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 45.5%. Higher than 39 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 18.2% to 54.5%; median 34.6%.
18.2%
54.5%
median 34.6%
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 45.5% Higher than 39 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 34.6%
Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 9.6%. Higher than 2 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.2% to 54.1%; median 24.6%.
7.2%
54.1%
median 24.6%
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 9.6% Higher than 2 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 24.6%
Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 41.5%. Higher than 29 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 26.1% to 58.5%; median 39.7%.
26.1%
58.5%
median 39.7%
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 41.5% Higher than 29 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 39.7%
Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 10.5%. Higher than 1 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.5% to 68.3%; median 28.9%.
7.5%
68.3%
median 28.9%
Palermo: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 10.5% Higher than 1 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 28.9%
Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Palermo: 38.6%. Higher than 27 of 50 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 21.1% to 52.6%; median 38.1%.
21.1%
52.6%
median 38.1%
Palermo: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Palermo 38.6% Higher than 27 of 50 records in the same comparison group Median 38.1%
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€23,900
EUR per inhabitant · ITG12 · 2023
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Palermo? Palermo had a population of 635,439 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat city figure), the 14th largest of the 426 reporting city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Palermo? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 16.2 °C (January 9.1 °C, July 24.6 °C) with 638 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Housing & living costs, Education. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: b = break in time series
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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