Its 1991–2020 climate normal is a mean annual temperature of 10.0 °C with 974 mm of precipitation a year (Copernicus ERA5-Land).
In its wider region (NUTS BE332), GDP was €41,600 per inhabitant (2024, Eurostat) — a regional figure, not a city value.
This profile reports 42 of the 50 indicators currently tracked for European cities; the rest are not reported for Liège. Source: official datasets listed in the source registry.
Population & demographics
Population on 1 January, total
#31 of 163 · 81st pct · #3 in Belgium
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
#70 of 163 · 57th pct · #2 in Belgium
1,911
persons per km2 · 2022
Share of population aged 65 and over
#112 of 160 · 30th pct · #5 in Belgium
18.4%
of population · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Population on 1 January, total
Liège: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain Liège: 406,563. Higher than 132 of 163 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 37,960 to 10,353,710; median 143,083.
37,960
10,353,710
median 143,083
Liège: Population on 1 January, total in the same year and geography grain
Liège 406,563 Higher than 132 of 163 records in the same comparison group Median 143,083
Population density (population divided by GISCO area)
Liège: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 1,911. Higher than 93 of 163 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 162 to 17,622; median 1,661.
162
17,622
median 1,661
Liège: Population density (population divided by GISCO area) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 1,911 Higher than 93 of 163 records in the same comparison group Median 1,661
Share of population aged 65 and over
Liège: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain Liège: 18.4%. Higher than 48 of 160 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.2% to 34.1%; median 19.7%.
12.2%
34.1%
median 19.7%
Liège: Share of population aged 65 and over in the same year and geography grain
Liège 18.4% Higher than 48 of 160 records in the same comparison group Median 19.7%
Climate (ERA5-Land normals)
Liège climate by month Liège monthly 1991-2020 normals. Temperature 2.5°C to 17.9°C; warmest Jul, coldest Jan. Precipitation up to 101mm per month.
20 200 15 150 10 100 5 50 0 0
°C
mm
J F M A M J J A S O N D
● mean temperature (°C, left) · ▮ precipitation (mm, right) Liège monthly climate normals Month Temp Precip Jan 2.5°C 88mm Feb 2.9°C 79mm Mar 5.7°C 80mm Apr 9.2°C 63mm May 13.0°C 74mm Jun 15.9°C 84mm Jul 17.9°C 89mm Aug 17.8°C 88mm Sep 14.4°C 74mm Oct 10.7°C 74mm Nov 6.3°C 81mm Dec 3.3°C 101mm
ERA5-Land 1991–2020 normals.
Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#395 of 601 · 34th pct · #14 in Belgium
10.0
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#311 of 601 · 48th pct · #14 in Belgium
2.5
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
#523 of 601 · 13th pct · #12 in Belgium
18.0
°C · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land reanalysis total precipitation at the city centroid grid cell; not station weather.
#127 of 601 · 79th pct · #2 in Belgium
974
mm per year · centroid · 1991-2020
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
ERA5-Land mean surface solar radiation; this is irradiance, NOT sunshine hours.
#434 of 601 · 28th pct · #11 in Belgium
125
W per m2 · centroid · 1991-2020
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Liège: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 10.0. Higher than 206 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.3 to 24.5; median 10.6.
1.3
24.5
median 10.6
Liège: Mean annual air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 10.0 Higher than 206 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 10.6
Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Liège: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 2.5. Higher than 289 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range -9.3 to 13.5; median 2.6.
-9.3
13.5
median 2.6
Liège: Mean January air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 2.5 Higher than 289 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 2.6
Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal)
Liège: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 18.0. Higher than 78 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 12.5 to 38.1; median 19.3.
12.5
38.1
median 19.3
Liège: Mean July air temperature (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 18.0 Higher than 78 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 19.3
Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal)
Liège: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 974. Higher than 474 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 261 to 2,516; median 816.
261
2,516
median 816
Liège: Mean annual precipitation (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 974 Higher than 474 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 816
Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal)
Liège: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 125. Higher than 167 of 601 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 96 to 230; median 136.
96
230
median 136
Liège: Mean surface solar radiation downwards (1991-2020 normal) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 125 Higher than 167 of 601 records in the same comparison group Median 136
Air quality (EEA annualized)
Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#194 of 329 · 41st pct · #6 in Belgium
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#219 of 281 · 22nd pct · #6 in Belgium
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
#269 of 298 · 10th pct · #7 in Belgium
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Liège: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Liège: 15. Higher than 135 of 329 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 5 to 35; median 16.
5
35
median 16
Liège: Annual mean NO2 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Liège 15 Higher than 135 of 329 records in the same comparison group Median 16
Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Liège: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Liège: 47. Higher than 62 of 281 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 33 to 81; median 52.
33
81
median 52
Liège: Annual mean O3 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Liège 47 Higher than 62 of 281 records in the same comparison group Median 52
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages
Liège: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain Liège: 6. Higher than 29 of 298 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 3 to 22; median 9.
3
22
median 9
Liège: Annual mean PM2.5 concentration from EEA monthly city averages in the same year and geography grain
Liège 6 Higher than 29 of 298 records in the same comparison group Median 9
Average price for buying a house
#65 of 87 · 25th pct · #6 in Belgium
Average price for buying an apartment
#33 of 87 · 62nd pct · #5 in Belgium
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Average price for buying a house
Liège: Average price for buying a house in the same year and geography grain Liège: €199,038. Higher than 22 of 87 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €115,394 to €1,019,946; median €269,488.
€115,394
€1,019,946
median €269,488
Liège: Average price for buying a house in the same year and geography grain
Liège €199,038 Higher than 22 of 87 records in the same comparison group Median €269,488
Average price for buying an apartment
Liège: Average price for buying an apartment in the same year and geography grain Liège: €183,031. Higher than 54 of 87 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €75,560 to €400,891; median €155,406.
€75,560
€400,891
median €155,406
Liège: Average price for buying an apartment in the same year and geography grain
Liège €183,031 Higher than 54 of 87 records in the same comparison group Median €155,406
Unemployment rate
Eurostat city or greater-city unemployment rate for the stated year; national definitions and observation flags still apply.
#69 of 128 · 45th pct · #3 in Belgium
13.0%e
of population · 2022
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Workplace-based jobs reported for the Eurostat city or greater-city geography; not employed residents or job openings.
#29 of 141 · 79th pct · #3 in Belgium
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Unemployment rate
Liège: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain Liège: 13.0%. Higher than 58 of 128 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1.9% to 22.7%; median 13.2%.
1.9%
22.7%
median 13.2%
Liège: Unemployment rate in the same year and geography grain
Liège 13.0% Higher than 58 of 128 records in the same comparison group Median 13.2%
Total employment/jobs (workplace based)
Liège: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 188,391. Higher than 112 of 141 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 15,527 to 5,298,886; median 71,369.
15,527
5,298,886
median 71,369
Liège: Total employment/jobs (workplace based) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 188,391 Higher than 112 of 141 records in the same comparison group Median 71,369
Education
Share of students in higher education in the total population
#37 of 142 · 74th pct · #3 in Belgium
120
students per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share of students in higher education in the total population
Liège: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain Liège: 120. Higher than 105 of 142 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 288; median 71.
1
288
median 71
Liège: Share of students in higher education in the total population in the same year and geography grain
Liège 120 Higher than 105 of 142 records in the same comparison group Median 71
Crude birth rate
Annual live births per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; not a fertility rate.
#52 of 154 · 66th pct · #5 in Belgium
11
births per 1000 residents · 2022
Crude death rate
Annual deaths per 1000 residents for the reported Eurostat geography; age structure strongly affects comparisons.
#50 of 156 · 67th pct · #4 in Belgium
11
deaths per 1000 residents · 2022
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Crude birth rate
Liège: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain Liège: 11. Higher than 102 of 154 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 39; median 10.
0
39
median 10
Liège: Crude birth rate in the same year and geography grain
Liège 11 Higher than 102 of 154 records in the same comparison group Median 10
Crude death rate
Liège: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain Liège: 11. Higher than 105 of 156 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6 to 16; median 10.
6
16
median 10
Liège: Crude death rate in the same year and geography grain
Liège 11 Higher than 105 of 156 records in the same comparison group Median 10
Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Registered cars per resident, not congestion, traffic speed or household car access.
#106 of 137 · 23rd pct · #5 in Belgium
428
cars per 1000 population · 2022
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Small annual rates can be volatile; do not present as a full traffic-safety score.
#36 of 140 · 74th pct · #5 in Belgium
0
deaths per 10000 population · 2022
Length of bicycle network (dedicated cycle paths and lanes)
Reported Eurostat infrastructure length; not a cycling-mode-share or safety measure.
Cost of a combined monthly ticket for 5-10 km in the central zone
Cost of a taxi ride of 5 km to the centre at daytime
#75 of 81 · 7th pct · #8 in Belgium
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of registered cars per 1000 population
Liège: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain Liège: 428. Higher than 31 of 137 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 257 to 816; median 482.
257
816
median 482
Liège: Number of registered cars per 1000 population in the same year and geography grain
Liège 428 Higher than 31 of 137 records in the same comparison group Median 482
People killed in road accidents per 10000 population
Liège: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain Liège: 0. Higher than 103 of 140 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 1; median 0.
0
1
median 0
Liège: People killed in road accidents per 10000 population in the same year and geography grain
Liège 0 Higher than 103 of 140 records in the same comparison group Median 0
Cost of a taxi ride of 5 km to the centre at daytime
Liège: Cost of a taxi ride of 5 km to the centre at daytime in the same year and geography grain Liège: €11. Higher than 6 of 81 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range €8 to €33; median €12.
€8
€33
median €12
Liège: Cost of a taxi ride of 5 km to the centre at daytime in the same year and geography grain
Liège €11 Higher than 6 of 81 records in the same comparison group Median €12
Country price context (PPP)
Country price level index for GDP
112
EU27_2020=100 · BE · 2024
Number of museum visitors per year
Museum visitor count where reported; not a count of museums or all cultural visits.
#21 of 99 · 79th pct · #3 in Belgium
413,287
visits per year · 2022
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Library distribution points where reported; not library visits or service quality.
#15 of 124 · 88th pct · #2 in Belgium
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Number of museum visitors per year
Liège: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain Liège: 413,287. Higher than 78 of 99 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 0 to 8,946,728; median 88,416.
0
8,946,728
median 88,416
Liège: Number of museum visitors per year in the same year and geography grain
Liège 413,287 Higher than 78 of 99 records in the same comparison group Median 88,416
Number of public libraries (all distribution points)
Liège: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain Liège: 46. Higher than 109 of 124 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 1 to 539; median 10.
1
539
median 10
Liège: Number of public libraries (all distribution points) in the same year and geography grain
Liège 46 Higher than 109 of 124 records in the same comparison group Median 10
Resident perception survey
Liège resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
6.9%
somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
26.4%
very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
13.4%
rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
41.8%
very satisfied with the noise level in the city
20.7%
rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
47.6%
very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
11.4%
rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
30.2%
strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
37.4%
somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
51.9%
Feel safe at night — strongly agree
8.4%
Feel safe at night — somewhat agree
34.5%
Transport affordable — strongly agree
35.7%
Transport affordable — somewhat agree
32.3%
Liège resident perception survey strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 6.9% somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price 26.4% very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 13.4% rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city 41.8% very satisfied with the noise level in the city 20.7% rather satisfied with the noise level in the city 47.6% very satisfied with cleanliness in the city 11.4% rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city 30.2% strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 37.4% somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city 51.9% Feel safe at night — strongly agree 8.4% Feel safe at night — somewhat agree 34.5% Transport affordable — strongly agree 35.7% Transport affordable — somewhat agree 32.3%
Compare with same-grain records from the same year Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Liège: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Liège: 6.9%. Higher than 14 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 2.5% to 17.4%; median 7%.
2.5%
17.4%
median 7%
Liège: Share strongly agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Liège 6.9% Higher than 14 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 7%
Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain Liège: 26.4%. Higher than 25 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4.5% to 38.2%; median 15.5%.
4.5%
38.2%
median 15.5%
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing it is easy to find good housing at a reasonable price in the same year and geography grain
Liège 26.4% Higher than 25 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 15.5%
Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Liège: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 13.4%. Higher than 15 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6.3% to 35.2%; median 13.2%.
6.3%
35.2%
median 13.2%
Liège: Share very satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 13.4% Higher than 15 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 13.2%
Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city
Liège: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 41.8%. Higher than 9 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 17.9% to 63.7%; median 44.3%.
17.9%
63.7%
median 44.3%
Liège: Share rather satisfied with the quality of the air in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 41.8% Higher than 9 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 44.3%
Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city
Liège: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 20.7%. Higher than 18 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 6.7% to 28.6%; median 17.9%.
6.7%
28.6%
median 17.9%
Liège: Share very satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 20.7% Higher than 18 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 17.9%
Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city
Liège: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 47.6%. Higher than 17 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 24.3% to 60.2%; median 46.4%.
24.3%
60.2%
median 46.4%
Liège: Share rather satisfied with the noise level in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 47.6% Higher than 17 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 46.4%
Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Liège: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 11.4%. Higher than 11 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 4.6% to 46.5%; median 13%.
4.6%
46.5%
median 13%
Liège: Share very satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 11.4% Higher than 11 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 13%
Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city
Liège: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 30.2%. Higher than 4 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 14.3% to 63%; median 43.2%.
14.3%
63%
median 43.2%
Liège: Share rather satisfied with cleanliness in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 30.2% Higher than 4 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 43.2%
Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Liège: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 37.4%. Higher than 8 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 18.4% to 77.3%; median 45.5%.
18.4%
77.3%
median 45.5%
Liège: Share strongly agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 37.4% Higher than 8 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 45.5%
Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 51.9%. Higher than 27 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 16.2% to 61.9%; median 42.7%.
16.2%
61.9%
median 42.7%
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing they are satisfied to live in this city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 51.9% Higher than 27 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 42.7%
Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Liège: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 8.4%. Higher than 1 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 7.6% to 46.7%; median 24.6%.
7.6%
46.7%
median 24.6%
Liège: Share strongly agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 8.4% Higher than 1 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 24.6%
Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain Liège: 34.5%. Higher than 3 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 27.3% to 66.3%; median 42.4%.
27.3%
66.3%
median 42.4%
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing they feel safe walking alone at night in the city in the same year and geography grain
Liège 34.5% Higher than 3 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 42.4%
Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable
Liège: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Liège: 35.7%. Higher than 22 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 8.5% to 61.9%; median 30.5%.
8.5%
61.9%
median 30.5%
Liège: Share strongly agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Liège 35.7% Higher than 22 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 30.5%
Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain Liège: 32.3%. Higher than 7 of 30 reporting records in the same comparison group. Range 19.5% to 57.5%; median 36%.
19.5%
57.5%
median 36%
Liège: Share somewhat agreeing public transport is affordable in the same year and geography grain
Liège 32.3% Higher than 7 of 30 records in the same comparison group Median 36%
Regional context (NUTS) Values describe the city's NUTS region, not the city itself
Regional GDP per inhabitant
€41,600
EUR per inhabitant · BE332 · 2024
Life expectancy at birth, both sexes
Common questions What is the population of Liège? Liège had a population of 406,563 on 1 January 2022 (Eurostat greater city figure), the 31st largest of the 163 reporting greater city records in the same year.
What is the climate of Liège? Its 1991–2020 ERA5-Land normal is a mean annual temperature of 10.0 °C (January 2.5 °C, July 18.0 °C) with 974 mm of precipitation a year. This is reanalysis, not station weather.
Not reported for this city: Tourism. Eurostat Urban Audit coverage is voluntary, so some indicators are unavailable for some cities.
Eurostat flags: e = estimated
Every figure is an official indicator with its source linked. Ranks compare only records with the same reference year and geography grain. See the methodology .
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